Three reasons for local authorities to invest in bus shelters

Millions of pounds of public money is spent on bus shelters every year.

Whether the money is spent by local authorities or contractors on their behalf, it is clear that the importance of providing high-quality bus shelters is recognised by the majority of decision-makers.

Some constituents, however, might argue that they represent unnecessary purchases and that their council tax is better spent on something else. It’s an interesting debate, as it is certainly more than possible to catch a bus whilst standing up.

Let’s explore the main reasons why local authorities are keen to invest in bus shelters.

Encourage use of buses

There are plenty of ways that shelters could encourage local residents to use the bus more often.

For one, it helps bus stops stand out from a greater distance, meaning that residents are more likely to know where their nearest bus stop is. Secondly, it can help protect people from the elements before their bus arrives, so that more people are encouraged to wait during bad weather instead of hopping in the car. What’s more, a lot of modern bus stops have electronic real-time timetables so that residents can be more sure of exactly how long they have to wait.

Central government is on a huge drive to reduce pollution and the use of public transport instead of cars is a great way to do so. The reduction of traffic in busy areas of a town is also something that will concern local governments. A better bus service might encourage more residents to spend money in their local community rather than elsewhere. Also, what’s the point in spending any money on maintaining a bus service if it’s not being used enough?

Advertising

Bus shelters provide a good advertising opportunity and a great way for the owners to make money. Bus shelter advertising has been popular for some time now and it’s rare to see a billboard unfilled at a bus stop. The cost of installing a bus shelter is a one-off payment, but advertising revenue could continue the entirety of the shelter’s existence.

Bus stops near traffic lights, in town centres or by high-traffic areas are particularly popular amongst advertisers and can often command a higher fee. This revenue stream is something that all councils will want to encourage. In this way, improved bus shelters are an serious investment rather than a needless expense.

Brighten up communities

As well as being genuinely useful, modern bus stops can help brighten up any community. Residents want a community that they are proud of. Councils spend thousands of pounds on ensuring that their communities are pleasant to look at and this type of street furniture is as good as any at doing just that. Some of the newer bus stops on shelter are seriously attractive. No, really.

As you can see, there are genuine reasons for bus shelters to exist and tangible benefits from having them in our local communities. There are certainly worse ways for council tax money to be spent.

Author Bio:

Peter Jackson is a freelance writer and a travel geek. He is a graduate in architectural designing and a professional photographer. Peter is fond of capturing exclusive shots from all around  Cardiff , Wales. He is jovial and inquisitive by nature which helps him to connect with a wide range of people.

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IR35 Investigations: Understand the HMRC Triggers and How to Avoid Them

IR35 is one of the most feared parts of the Finance Act because it far more ambiguous than other parts of the law and therefore open to individual interpretation.

Any self-employed individual in theory could fall foul of IR35, but the workers most at risk are those operating a limited company.

Much has been written about the factors which could result in your contract being viewed as ‘disguised employment’ but what makes HMRC launch an investigation?

Here’s a guide to some of the factors which could leave you vulnerable to a closer look from the taxman.

Bad luck!

If HMRC decides to take a further look at your accounts and queries whether you fail the IR35 criteria, it may not be because there were any red flags with the information you submitted.

Some individuals are simply chosen at random, just like any other kind of audit. It is known that the taxman picks one out of every 1000 tax returns to look at more closely, a selection which has no scientific basis. You could simply therefore be one of the unlucky few HMRC chooses to review more closely!

If your number comes up, HMRC could – and often do – opt for a full review. Unlike an aspect review, it means you will be asked to provide copies of all of your information so the whole set of your accounts can be checked.

You could end up owing a lot more money on your tax return if HMRC decide IR35 rules apply to your situation

You could end up owing a lot more money on your tax return if HMRC decide IR35 rules apply to your situation

Risk-assessed selections

However, simply being on the wrong end of a lucky dip is not the only way in which you might find your business being scrutinised by HMRC for IR35 compliance.

The taxman has a number of criteria it uses in order to flag up cases which could be deemed to have a higher risk of being disguised employment rather than true contractor status.

HMRC keeps the exact nature of the flags it uses a closely guarded secret but in a statement to a trade body for contractors had this to say:

Any individual who provides his/her services through a service company to an end client potentially falls within IR35. HMRC seeks to narrow those cases subject to investigation by considering a range of factors, including, but not exclusively, sectors, engagement patterns and the nature of the service company.” 

Therefore, whilst it is not possible to say definitively every scenario which might cause HMRC concern, there are a few more obvious indicators a tax inspector may look for.

The primary concern under IR35 is that the individual is not really self-employed and has only set up the company to disguise the work he is doing on an employed basis, thus avoiding paying proper deductions under the PAYE system.

If an individual truly is in business, you can expect them to be active in promoting their business to attract customers, making investments to improve the company, perhaps having their own property (of whatever type) as well as having a company logo and headed paper.

On the flip side, an individual who is using IR35 to disguise the fact that he is doing the same work as when he was employed, will be making very little attempts to grow the business and will not be required to invest in purchasing his own equipment, materials or products.

With this in mind, one of the most significant red flags HMRC look for is the deductions on a set of accounts. A return with very low deductions could indicate that the individual is simply working for some-one else, on their premises, and using the company as a ‘vehicle of convenience’.

On the same subject, not having any other workers on the books can also be a sign that your company is simply a cover for your employment. Whilst it is entirely possible that you could be a contractor without assistance from any other workers, this could raise a flag to the taxman to look at you more closely.

Failing to appear professional in correspondence with HMRC can be another indicator that you aren’t used to acting as a business in your own right. For example, whilst not every small company may have headed paper, if you do get some, you immediately will appear better equipped to transact in the world of commerce and less likely to attract attention.

Finally, as a business you would normally need to have cover such as professional indemnity insurance in place. If you don’t have this, HMRC might seriously question whether you really are ultimately responsible for the work you are performing and invoke IR35.

Picking a professional-sounding name for your company and investing in letterheads could help your business appear more legitimate

Picking a professional-sounding name for your company and investing in letterheads could help your business appear more legitimate

Conclusion

Even if you operate a genuine company, no-one really wants the hassle of a full HMRC investigation, especially as the IR35 legislation can be rather contentious at the best of times. One way to help protect yourself is to get a good accountant to complete your tax return. This will ensure that your accounts are as professional as possible and that you have expert advice on how to ensure you are complying with the IR35 legislation.

 

Image credits: Images_of_money and Scott Roberts